无线脑植入物使用有线系统的第十
A brain implant connecting the nervous system to electronic devices helps people with spinal cord injuries regain some motor control but uses wires.
A Stanford research team has been focusing on improving the brain-computer interface, a device implanted beneath the skull on the surface of a patient’s brain. This brain implant connects the human nervous system to an electronic device that might, for instance, help restore some motor control to a person with a spinal cord injury, or someone with a neurological condition like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, also called Lou Gehrig’s disease.
这些设备的当前一代记录了大量的神经活动，然后通过电线将这些大脑信号传输到计算机。无线脑计算机接口不使用的原因是，设备传输数据所需的功率量会产生过多的热量以至于无法安全。
由电气工程师和神经科学家Krishna Shenoy博士和Boris Murmann博士和神经外科医师和神经科学家Jaimie Henderson，MD领导的团队，如何创建一个无线设备，能够聚集和传输准确的神经信号，可准确的神经信号，，，，准确的神经信号，，，，神经信号，，，准确的神经信号，，，，，地机设备，，能够收集和传输精确的设备但是使用当前启用电线系统所需的十分之一的功率。这些无线设备看起来比有线模型更自然，并为患者提供更自然的运动范围。
Graduate student Nir Even-Chen and postdoctoral fellow Dante Muratore, PhD, describe the team’s approach in a Nature Biomedical Engineering paper.
该团队的神经科学家确定了控制假体设备所需的特定神经信号，例如机器人臂或计算机光标。然后，该团队的电气工程师设计了电路，该电路将使未来的无线脑机接口处理和传输这些经过精心识别和隔离的信号，从而使用较少的功率，从而使其安全地将设备植入大脑表面。
为了测试他们的想法，研究人员从三个非人类灵长类动物和一名人类参与者中收集了神经元数据。
As the subjects performed movement tasks, such as positioning a cursor on a computer screen, the researchers took measurements. The findings validated their hypothesis that a wireless interface could accurately control an individual’s motion by recording a subset of action-specific brain signals, rather than acting like the wired device and collecting brain signals in bulk.
下一步将是根据这种新方法建立大脑植入物，并通过一系列测试实现最终目标。
https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41551-020-0595-9
https://engineering.stanford.edu
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