Safety critical Vulkan standard for graphics and computing
Khronos组发布了安全关键GPU图形和计算标准。
免版税的VULKAN安全至关重要（SC）1.0 API规范旨在使用最新的图形和AI处理器支持安全至关重要的行业。该集团还开发了一个开源符合测试套件，并且多个供应商显示了符合Vulkan SC 1.0实现。
While the APi is aimed at automotive developers, it is also suitable for safety critical medical and industrial applications. Where a compute or display system failure would pose a significant safety risk it is critical that systems meet safety-critical standards such as RTCA DO-178C Level A / EASA ED-12C Level A (avionics), ISO 26262 ASIL D (automotive), IEC 61508 (industrial), and IEC 62304 (Medical).
To streamline system-level safety-critical certifications, system components such as acceleration APIs should be streamlined as far as possible to reduce documentation and testing surface area, have deterministic behaviour and predictable execution times to simplify design and testing and implement robust and unambiguous fault handling. The Vulkan SC 1.0 specification uses the Vulkan 1.2 API to meet these requirements while delivering state-of-the-art graphics and compute acceleration. Vulkan SC also decouples software and hardware development for easier integration of new hardware components and software reusability across platforms and system generations.
“Vulkan 1.2’s modern design for explicit control over GPU resources was the ideal foundation for building this next-generation safety-critical GPU API that provides significantly increased performance and control over graphics and compute dataflows than was possible with OpenGL SC 2.0,” said Steve Viggers, of CoreAVI and Vulkan SC working group chair. “Vulkan SC 1.0 enables detailed design and control of device scheduling, synchronization, and resource management, making it the ideal API for developing the next generation of safety-critical graphics and compute applications targeting modern GPUs.”
Vulkan SC可以从Vulkan中删除不需要安全至关重要的市场的功能，从而通过消除忽略的参数和未定义的行为来提高规范的鲁棒性，并启用增强的检测，报告和校正运行时故障。Vulkan SC 1.0还与MISRA C软件开发指南保持一致，有关嵌入式代码安全，安全性，可移植性和可靠性。
Vulkan SC increases determinism and reduces application size by shifting preparation of the run-time application environment either offline, or into application setup, as much as possible. This includes offline compilation of graphics pipelines that define how the GPU processes data, together with static memory allocation, that together enable detailed GPU control that can be rigorously specified and tested.
所有Vulkan SC管道都是离线编译的，可以静态分析以了解管道处理中使用的数据流量和内存量。然后可以在设备创建时间保留管道执行所需的内存，作为固定尺寸池，以最大程度地减少内存使用情况并避免需要运行时内存分配。同样，Vulkan SC可以使应用程序可以静态专门分配应用程序内存需求的上限，从而避免了运行时动态内存管理的需求。
供应商
各种GPU IP和芯片提供商都支持该标准，包括英国的ARM和Imagination技术和美国的NVIDIA。
“功能安全对于任何部署在车辆，机器人，工厂及其他部件中的自治系统至关重要，” AUM Automotive和IoT业务公司产品管理高级总监Tom Conway说。“Through our partnership with CoreAVI and The Khronos Group, we’re addressing the complex requirements of autonomous use cases using ARM’s first high-performance, safety-capable GPU, Mali-G78AE, and ISO26262-certified Vulkan SC drivers, Mali-G78AE VKCore. The release of Vulkan SC 1.0 marks an important milestone in enabling developers to leverage the full capabilities of safety-capable Mali GPUs and create robust code for safety-critical use cases.
“As a long-standing advocate of Khronos safety APIs we were proud to be one of the first supporters of OpenGL SC 2.0. We are committed to delivering best-in-class safety drivers, working closely with Khronos on the definition of Vulkan SC for next-generation safety-critical use cases in automotive and beyond,” said said Janos Lakatos, Director of Software Engineering – DDK safety-critical at Imagination Technologies.
“ Vulkan SC将扩大在安全关键系统和实时应用中的GPU加速度的采用。Vulkan SC 1.0是一个重要的里程碑，Nvidia很荣幸能参加Khronos的设计。” NVIDIA汽车软件副总裁Kevin Flory说。“我们今天在我们的驱动器和Jetson平台上运行了一致的Vulkan SC 1.0，这对于证明API的架构至关重要，我们将在2022年期间向开发人员推销驱动程序。”
Vulkan SC符合测试套件
The Vulkan SC Conformance Test Suite (CTS), built upon the robust Vulkan CTS, is an important tool for API implementers to exercise the completeness of their implementations. The rigorous CTS also assists system integrators to confirm specification compatibility while maximizing software portability and reuse across systems. Conformant Implementations are running today on CoreAVI’s VkCore SC graphics and compute drivers, and Nvidia DRIVE and Jetson Platforms.
Industry feedback on the specification is welcome at theVulkan SC specification GitHub repository。
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